8. The Present Perfect Tense

I have seen We have seen

You have seen You have seen

He/She/It has seen They have seen

Look at the following sentences:-

I have turned on the light

This means that I turned on the light some time ago and that it is still on. One result, therefore, of my past action is that the light is on at the present moment. Another result is that you may read a book, if you wish or do anything else, since the room is no longer in darkness.

I have opened the window.

This means that I opened the window at some time in the past and that it is still open. As a result of my past action, the window is open now. Also, fresh air can now come into the room through the open window.